A clear trend The rising number of international schools across Mumbai and its suburbs are providing a wider choice plus making the concept easier to access

A clear trend

The rising number of international schools across Mumbai and its suburbs are providing a wider choice plus making the concept easier to access


Across Mumbai, you can find an international school these days within a short commute from your residence. Almost every suburb has at least one, if not several.
According to a survey by ISC Research, in year 2000, there were 2,584 international schools teaching close to 1 million students, mainly expatriates. Now there are 5,676 teaching over 2.5 million students, and by 2020 the prediction is for over 11,000 international schools with over 5 million students.
Future growth should be focused in Southern Asia, particularly India.
When considering international schools it is important to consider the curriculum, the location, the quality of education, the price and the key features that match your student’s personality.
International schools are focusing less on a wholly UK or US curriculum and instead delivering a more international curriculum; noticeable is the increased use of the IB and IGCSE.
Therefore, there is a greater emphasis and focus on the strategies necessary for successful replication of existing schools, choosing viable locations for establishing new schools, finding local partners, branding and general management.
At the International and Private Schools Education Forum held in London during November 2011, there appeared to be consensus that growth in international schools continues to exceed 5% per year, with currently over 6,000 international schools worldwide. There are strong indications that growth will continue in the short to medium term.

BOOK: TENDER IS THE NIGHT (1934) BY FRANCIS SCOTT FITZGERALD (1896-1940)


BOOK: TENDER IS THE NIGHT (1934) BY FRANCIS SCOTT FITZGERALD (1896-1940)


SYNOPSIS: Psychiatrist Dick Diver's marriage with his former patient Nicole leads him from joy to growing confusion and finally isolation--when he is ultimately sucked into his wife's schizophrenia.
The Divers' leisurely way of life on the elite French Riviera, their infidelities and dangerous friendships, and Dick's excessive drinking finally result in a downward spiraling of their marriage.
WHAT'S IN IT FOR YOU?
This book is not the easiest read, which is why I took it to Nepal last week-travelling back and forth from Kathmandu to Pokhra, I could either focus on the bumps or the book! I chose the latter, and after the first few pages, I poured over the rest, come bad roads, poor lighting or tea breaks. Because once you get involved with the characters and their various tragedies, the repressed realisation that life is essentially tragic takes over. After that, call it morbidity or preparedness, but you can't help but shadow the ill-fated psychiatrist, his manic wife and movie-star mistress and the various other characters moving towards their respective hells. Plus, it's always more meaningful, even fun, when fiction is personal, and the book is allegedly based on Fitzgerald's life--his wife Zelda suffered from ballet-o-mania (an abnormal attraction towards her dance teacher) and subsequently schizophrenia.
Neither partner was faithful (in fact Zelda strayed first) and Fitzgerald was battling his own drinking problem and physical deterioration when he wrote the book. Editor Jeffery Meyers claims, `Though Zelda helped destroy Fitzgerald, she also inspired his greatest work'.
That Fitzgerald is considered one of the greatest authors of the 20th century, just adds to the appeal.
There's a lot of namedropping in the narrative as Fitzgerald uses his now famous acquaintances either as themselves or as the basis for other characters like cartoonist Ted Dorgan, psychiatrist Alfred Adler and author James Joyce. In the bargain, you get to add to your Personalities-I-ought-to-have-heard-about-andnow-I-have list.
Do you know that feeling when you've just learnt a new word and suddenly it keeps cropping up in various contexts and you feel mighty smug that you know what it means? This book did that for me in spades. It is peppered with foreign words, many of which you will come across in other English literature texts. So enhance your vocabulary with words like peignoir (dressing gown), garçon (waiter), docent (university lecturer) and so on. (Don't forget to get an edition that comes with explanatory notes.)
Another bonus is that you can construct a satisfying reading list based on the various books referenced as part of the plot.
Next on my list: Little Lord Fauntleroy by Frances Hodgson Burnett, The Golden Bowl by Henry James and The Rose and the Ring, a fairytale by William Make peace Thackeray.
TRIVIA TIME The title of the novel comes from Fitzgerald's favourite poem: Ode to a Nightingale (1819) by John Keats. The poem expresses a desire for the poet to escape the suffering of the real world and a longing for languid dissolution, dreams, darkness and death.
Fitzgerald's friends--the elegant American expatriate painter Gerald and his wife, Sara Murphy--were the models for the `positive side' of the Divers, while the author and his wife Zelda were the negative models.
Ernest Hemingway, infamous for his sour grapes attitude, initially criticised the book in a 1934 letter to Fitzgerald: “If you take real people (Gerald and Sara) and write about them, you cannot make them do anything they would not do“. In 1939, Hemingway revised his opinion and wrote to editor Max Perkins, “I always had a very stupid little boy feeling of superiority about Scott--like a tough little boy sneering at a delicate but talented little boy.
But reading that novel much of it was so good it was frightening“.

An Integrated Reasoning section will replace the Analytical Writing Assessment essay question from later this year. Here's what it means for you





 

An Integrated Reasoning section will replace the Analytical Writing Assessment essay question from later this year. Here's what it means for you


The GMAT is changing. Come June 5, 2012, the Graduate Management Admissions Test will include an integrated reasoning (IR) section. Many candidates are under the impression that the entire syllabus is changing. Rest assured the only difference will be in this 30-minute segment of the test, which will replace analytical writing assessment--the essay question.

The IR will consist of 12 questions, so you will have a little over two minutes per question. This average is similar to that of the quantitative section of the test. The good news is that the score of the IR section is NOT part of the 200­ 800 score. This section will be separately scored.
Candidate concerns

1. How will colleges handle the IR score?
Let's take a step back and understand the relevance of GMAT scores. The GMAT is basically used by colleges to ensure a candidate is ready for the academic rigour of a management programme.
Many candidates have several years of work experience and the GMAT tests whether they are ready to go back to school. The 200­800 score of the GMAT has been found to correlate very well with the grades of the first year of the programme, which is why this test plays such an important role in your application to get passed ahead to the personal interview round.
Keeping this in mind, let us try to understand how colleges will use the new IR scores. At the moment, colleges do not know whether there will be a correlation between the IR scores and the academic abilities of a candidate. It shall take at least two to three years before the colleges begin to notice if there is a correlation at all. And if this correlation is highly pronounced, only then the colleges will begin to take the IR scores seriously. Essentially, the common belief is that colleges may start taking the IR score seriously only for the academic sessions starting in 2015. If you are applying for the session starting in 2013 or 2014, you should not be overly concerned about the IR scores.

2. I am taking the GMAT before June and applying to colleges in 2014. Will I have to retake the test?
This is unlikely because the colleges that use this test as an admission criterion are likely to have an agreement with GMAC (the organisation that administers the GMAT) that requires the college to utilise the scores, which are valid for five years.

3. Will the IR section be tough?
This is a subjective question.
The IR section is replacing the essay that asks you to analyse an issue. You will now be tested on quantitative skills, data processing skills, reading comprehension skills and the ability to utilise information from multiple sources. Thus the section definitely tests more skills than the essay question.
4. Should I take the GMAT right now before the IR section sets in?
As mentioned previously, the 200­800 score of the GMAT is the most important component of the overall score. So the answer to this question squarely depends on your preparation level for the two main sections of the GMAT: quantitative and verbal. If you think that you will are prepared for these by the last week of May, you can avoid taking the GMAT in the new avatar. But it does not make sense to write the GMAT before June 5 just because you want to avoid tackling the IR questions.

Learn about plagiarism

Going to a US university this fall? Be aware that academic integrity is given importance in the US, and you can be severely penalised for plagiarism, fabrication, deception of professional misconduct.
Each university has an `honour code' that students are expected to follow. Learn about the code system and academic integrity from the USIEF.

Date: March 29 Time: 3 pm

Venue: USIEF EducationUSA Mumbai, Maker Bhavan-1, Churchgate.

Open to members, or if you become a member on the spot for R2,500.

Psychologists study human behaviour and counsel patients to help them make sense of either clinical problems like depression or non-diagnosable issues like marital woes or work-related worries




Psychologists study human behaviour and counsel patients to help them make sense of either clinical problems like depression or non-diagnosable issues like marital woes or work-related worries

In a nutshell, psychology is the study of human behaviour and mental processes. It is often confused with psychiatry, which involves training at a medical school to assess, diagnose and treat mental problems. In India, psychologists do not have the power to prescribe medication. So students with an interest in medicine should opt for psychiatry, while those with an interest in counselling must opt for psychology. Depending on their interest, psychologists can specialise in clinical, social, counselling or industrial psychology. Clinical psychologists work with psychiatrists and hospitals to provide counselling and psychotherapy for serious, diagnosable problems; social psychologists work with NGOs to address social issues, counselling psychologists provide counselling to individuals with non-diagnosable problems such as marital issues, relationship problems, etc, and industrial psychologists work in the human resources department of corporate organisations to recruit appropriate employees and look out for their mental welfare.

GETTING THERE It is preferable to opt for arts or science and pick psychology as a subject after Class 10. Even if you have not opted for arts, you can switch after Class 12.
Complete your bachelor of arts with psychology as your major.
Go for a master of arts (MA) from a government or a government-certified university. You can choose from four branches of psychology: clinical, industrial, counselling and social, in the second year of your MA course.
You can start training under an established counsellor after your MA. Some counsellors prefer to follow the MA up with a PhD after a few years of practicing.

CLOCKWORK 9am: Reach the hospital.
9.15am to 1pm: Seeing patients.
Most psychologists prefer to conduct psychological tests (personality, IQ, EQ, behavioural, etc) on their patients during the first half of the day when they are well-rested and attentive.
1.30pm to 4pm: Therapy sessions with patients 4pm: Leave for private clinic 4.30pm to 7pm: Therapy sessions with private patients One hour a day could be dedicated to teaching MBBS/MA students, depending on the schedule of the classes.

SKILLS & TRAITS A very high emotional quotient. It is imperative that the psychologist be patient and understanding while dealing with their subjects to help them express themselves freely.
To articulate solutions in a way that the patient benefits from the therapy.
To leave personal biases and judgments behind while treating a patient.
Empathy, not sympathy is needed.

A psychologist helps the patient find answers, not give the answers on a platter or mollycoddle them.
For their own sanity, it is important for therapists to be able to emotionally detach themselves from their patients.

THE PAYOFF A just-out-of-school clinical psychologist generally gets a starting salary of R10,000. Industrial psychologists draw corporate salaries between R20,000 and R25,000 to begin with. The pay structure of social psychologists depends on the funding received for the project/ NGO they are attached with, but ranges between R12,000 and R15,000 on an average.
Counselling psychologists generally attach themselves to schools, and can make anywhere between R15,000 and R40,000, depending on the school.
In addition the organisations they are attached to, most psychologists offer private consultations as well.
Depending on the location of their clinic and the doctor that has referred them, a psychologist can charge anywhere between R300 and R1,000 per therapy session.
Every government hospital appoints one clinical psychologist with substantial experience. If you are lucky, you could make about R50,000 there.

PROS & CONS The satisfaction in helping people lead happy, fulfilled lives is immense The likelihood of emotional burnout is very high It is not a fast-paced job In the thick of treatment, patients tend to get overly dependent on their therapists

 INSTITUTIONS Mumbai University (www.mu.ac.in) SNDT Women's university (sndt.ac.in) St Xavier's College (www.xaviers.edu) Benaras Hindu University (www.bhu.ac.in) University of Kolkata (www.caluniv.ac.in)

More students are leaving Mumbai after Class 10 to study in residential schools, in search of disciplined environments that give them room to explore and discover what they want




More students are leaving Mumbai after Class 10 to study in residential schools, in search of disciplined environments that give them room to explore and discover what they want
Kewal ramani, a baker from Peddar Road, decided Mumbai's junior college education Vacation was too narrow-minded for her daughter, and instead sent her to a boarding school that follows the IB curriculum in Bangalore.


“The stress levels in Mumbai are too high and the system is so peer pressure-driven that students have lost trust in themselves to study without tuitions,“ she says.
Kewalramani is part of an increasing number of Mumbai-based families that choose to send their children to boarding schools with large campuses outside the city after Class 10. At the Cathedral Vidya School in Lonavla, for instance, the number of applications has increased two-fold from its inception in 2008, and their IB programme might accept 60 students instead of 40 this year, because of the high demand.
In Maharashtra itself, there were approximately 32 residential schools in 2000, a number that has now gone up to 60, according to data from Parthenon group, a consultancy firm. The India First Foundation School (IFFS) in Karjat has seen applications rise from 1,000 to 2,000 in the last two years, while at the Anubhuti School in Jalgaon, applications increased by 20%.

“Mumbai students face so many distractions, with mobile phones, the internet, social obligations and even time wasted in commuting between home and school,“ says Snehal Joshi, IB coordinator, Cathedral Vidya School. “In a residential setup, students have the space and time to fully acknowledge their studies, which is essential for programmes as demanding as the IB.“
Residential schools also allow students to dissociate from the `noise' that city schools are burdened with, in terms of peer pressure, image issues and a general frustration from competitiveness, say experts.
At most of these schools, students are not allowed access to social networks and spend more time discovering themselves, making use of the vast campuses and facilities available, in a focussed environment. focussed environment.
TALK TO US Are you considering a residential school to study in after Class 10? Let us know why or why not.
Share your views on our Facebook page: HT Education Mumbai or send us an email on letters@hindustantimes.com Rishi Valley School aims to embody philosopher J Krishnamurti's educational beliefs, which emphasise learning through nature, art and have the student explore inward and outward.
Certification: ISC Facilities: An arts and crafts department that includes pottery, batik and carpentry, music and dance studios, sports facilities for cricket, tennis, football, badminton and throwball. Bird-watching is a regular activity.
USP: The subjects offered for the `Plus two programme' include environmental studies, Carnatic music and Hindi and Telugu literature.
Website: www.rishivalley.org United World College, Pune The United World Colleges (UWC) network is a Britishbased foundation to unite cultures through education.
There are 13 UWC institutes across five continents. The Pune campus is spread across 150 acres. “We are not your typical residential school where students follow a totally planned schedule,“ says Cyrus Vakil, head of studies. “We're looking for self-motivated, independent students who will make best use of their time themselves.“ USP: Less than 40% of the student population is Indian.
In the current 2012-13 batch, the students represent 56 countries.
Certification: IB diploma Facilities: Art studio, music centre, swimming pool, tennis courts, basketball court, volleyball, football and cricket areas, and a 30-acre biodiversity reserve with flora and fauna observation areas.
Website: www.uwcmahindracollege.org The International School Bangalore (TISB) TISB lays emphasis on disciplined learning and research.
Students follow a tight schedule, from a 5.30 am wake up call to 11 pm bedtime, and are encouraged to play sports and cultivate hobbies in addition to academics. Children go home once every six weeks for about a week.
Certification: IB diploma Facilities: Art studio, drama space, music room, athletic track, hockey, cricket and football fields, swimming pool, golf course.
USP: Known for its strict no-ragging policy Website: site.tisb.org Cathedral Vidya School, Lonavla Set against the Sahyadri Hills, the Cathedral Vidya School is the residential partner for the Cathedral and John Connon School in Mumbai. Its 40-acre campus accommodates about 250 students.
Certification: IB Diploma Facilities: Facilities for art, western and Indian music, plans to offer Indian classical dance. Sports facilities include cricket, tennis, basketball, football.
USP: Credibility of the Cathedral and John Connon school in Mumbai, in terms of academics.
Website: www.cathedrallonavala.org Here are some options that education counsellors, parents and students recommend, if you are considering Indian residential options after Class 10.
Rishi Valley School Located in a valley area in Andhra Pradesh, the

Readbooks Winprizes - THE GREAT READER HUNT




Would you rather read than gasp * eat, sleep, or *g BBM?
Come along and we'll stick you in a roomful of other bookworms with an opinion!

What:
The HT Education Book Club Where: Crossword, Kemps Corner Book: The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time by Mark Haddon

What's in it for you?
Free book vouchers for the two most well argued opinions

Who gets to decide? Our moderator, Margaret Mascarenhas is an American cititor of the Goa Centre for the Arts until October 2011.
She also conducts a prison art and writing programme at the Central Jail in Aguada, Goa.

International students applying to universities in the US can take one of two tests--the SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) or the ACT (American College Test)

Many students applying for college in the US can, and are, taking the American College Test instead of the Scholastic Aptitude Test. What's the difference between them?

International students applying to universities in the US can take one of two tests--the SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) or the ACT (American College Test), which started in India in 2005. Traditionally, the SAT was the test of choice, but these days, an increasing number of students is taking the ACT because schools in the US now accept the scores of both the tests.The SAT and ACT are different tests in that they measure varied skills, but both fulfil the same role in the admissions process. So depending on your strengths and weaknesses, you may perform better on one test than the other. THE CASE FOR SAT According to Kathleen Fineout Steinberg, executive director communications at The College Board, there are a number of reasons why the SAT stands out: 1 The SAT features independent subsections ie each section of the SAT is valid as an individual measure of critical reading, mathematics, and writing skills, which enables students to demonstrate mastery in specific areas.
2 SAT questions are prescreened. Before any question appears on a scored section of the test, it is included on one of the unscored test forms that are included in every SAT administration around the world. This ensures that each question is fair to all students regardless of gender, race, ethnicity, country of origin or socioeconomic status.
3 The SAT is a longer test and this is beneficial to students because it provides more time per question.
4 The test goes beyond what students learn in school, thus encouraging them to apply the knowledge they have--a pre-requisite if you want to study abroad. THE CASE FOR ACT Suraj Raghavan, senior consultant, international client outreach and partnerships, ACT Inc, lists the advantages Indian students would have if they give ACT: 1 The ACT measures academic skills taught in school and this can lead to better performance on the test, which is accepted by almost all US schools including the Ivy Leagues.
2 The test provides a clear assessment of student readiness based on unique `college readiness benchmarks' on the four subject areas--English, math, reading, and science, and the optional ACT writing test.
Students who achieve scores at or above the benchmark scores demonstrate that they are ready for first year credit bearing classes, at all four year institutions of higher education in the US including the Ivy League schools.
3 The ACT sends composite scores to the universities a student wants to apply to, so even if you have not done well on one particular section, you can make up for this in the overall score.
“In the last three years, the number of SAT takers in India has increased by 36%.
To serve the growing number of test-takers, the College Board and ETS, which administers the test now have 32 test centers in India, up from only 20 in 2009,“ says Steinberg. For ACT, the sole testing centre at Lala Lajpatrai College, which opened in 2005, has seen an increase in test takers (40 in 2010; 60 in 2011). “We are just beginning formal steps to introduce students to the advantages of taking the ACT as a way to demonstrate academic achievement and learn about their own level of college and career readiness,“ says Raghavan.
Which should you take?
Chirag Arya, founder of AP Guru, says, “SAT is more English-centric, so Indian students find it difficult to crack because we are essentially a math and science society. SAT is 2/3rd English and students have to memorise 5,000 words whereas ACT is 1/3rd English.
Students generally score 750 out of 800 in the math sections in SAT but only around 1,100 out of 1,600 in the verbal section. When these students give ACT, they get selected to top universities. Subsequent attempts of SAT may not result in higher scores but since ACT is not an IQ test, students tend to fare better in it. Globally, Asian students fare better in ACT due to strong quantitative skills and only the composite score being reported.“
According to counsellors, while some students end up scoring substantially higher on the ACT; there are many others who could do better on the SAT. Some students also give both the SAT and the ACT--to report the best of both scores to the universities they want to apply to.

International students applying to universities in the US can take one of two tests--the SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) or the ACT (American College Test), which started in India in 2005. Traditionally, the SAT was the test of choice, but these days, an increasing number of students is taking the ACT because schools in the US now accept the scores of both the tests.

The SAT and ACT are different tests in that they measure varied skills, but both fulfil the same role in the admissions process. So depending on your strengths and weaknesses, you may perform better on one test than the other. THE CASE FOR SAT According to Kathleen Fineout Steinberg, executive directorcommunications at The College Board, there are a number of reasons why the SAT stands out: 1 The SAT features independent subsections ie each section of the SAT is valid as an individual measure of critical reading, mathematics, and writing skills, which enables students to demonstrate mastery in specific areas.
2 SAT questions are prescreened. Before any question appears on a scored section of the test, it is included on one of the unscored test forms that are included in every SAT administration around the world. This ensures that each question is fair to all students regardless of gender, race, ethnicity, country of origin or socioeconomic status.

3 The SAT is a longer test and this is beneficial to students because it provides more time per question.
4 The test goes beyond what students learn in school, thus encouraging them to apply the knowledge they have--a pre-requisite if you want to study abroad. THE CASE FOR ACT Suraj Raghavan, senior consultant, international client outreach and partnerships, ACT Inc, lists the advantages Indian students would have if they give ACT: 1 The ACT measures academic skills taught in school and this can lead to better performance on the test, which is accepted by almost all US schools including the Ivy Leagues.

2 The test provides a clear assessment of student readiness based on unique `college readiness benchmarks' on the four subject areas--English, math, reading, and science, and the optional ACT writing test.
Students who achieve scores at or above the benchmark scores demonstrate that they are ready for first year credit bearing classes, at all fouryear institutions of higher education in the US including the Ivy League schools.

3 The ACT sends composite scores to the universities a student wants to apply to, so even if you have not done well on one particular section, you can make up for this in the overall score.

Both tests increasing in popularity in India
“In the last three years, the number of SAT takers in India has increased by 36%.
To serve the growing number of test-takers, the College Board and ETS, which administers the test now have 32 test centers in India, up from only 20 in 2009,“ says Steinberg.

For ACT, the sole testing centre at Lala Lajpatrai College, which opened in 2005, has seen an increase in test takers (40 in 2010; 60 in 2011). “We are just beginning formal steps to introduce students to the advantages of taking the ACT as a way to demonstrate academic achievement and learn about their own level of college and career readiness,“ says Raghavan.

Which should you take?
Chirag Arya, founder of AP Guru, says, “SAT is more English-centric, so Indian students find it difficult to crack because we are essentially a math and science society. SAT is 2/3rd English and students have to memorise 5,000 words whereas ACT is 1/3rd English.

Students generally score 750 out of 800 in the math sections in SAT but only around 1,100 out of 1,600 in the verbal section. When these students give ACT, they get selected to top universities. Subsequent attempts of SAT may not result in higher scores but since ACT is not an IQ test, students tend to fare better in it. Globally, Asian students fare better in ACT due to strong quantitative skills and only the composite score being reported.“

According to counsellors, while some students end up scoring substantially higher on the ACT; there are many others who could do better on the SAT. Some students also give both the SAT and the ACT--to report the best of both scores to the universities they want to apply to.

Requirement for international business development




"Urgent requirement for international business development"

Tertiary qualification with a focus in International Marketing/Business Management
• Minimum 3 years experience in international business development, international marketing, business management and/or training
• Results-oriented with high degree of drive, passion and initiative
• Excellent communication, interaction and facilitation skills
• Pleasant and warm personality, strong ability to engage participants in the training programme


If you relish taking up this exciting and challenging role, please email your detailed resume in word format, contact numbers, salary expectation and availability to: minaxi.retail@promartretail.com OR call me on Minaxi 9920201766



Opening for Service Administrator (Back Office Job)




Dear Candidate,

Our client is a leading global provider of products and systems that contribute to quality enhancement and cost efficiency within healthcare and life sciences.

Looking for the post of Service Administrators.


Position: Service Administrators
Location: Mumbai
Qualification: Graduate
Experience: 1yr and above
Salary : Open for right candidate

Job Description:
• Dealing directly with customers either by telephone, electronically and by post.
• Responding promptly to customer inquiries. Handle and resolve customer complaints.
• Obtaining and evaluate all relevant information to handle inquiries and complaints.
• Performing customer verifications.
• Processing orders, forms, applications and requests.
• Directing requests and unresolved issues to the designated resource.
• Managing customers' accounts.
• Keeping records of customer interactions and transactions.
• Recording details of inquiries, comments and complaints.
• Recording details of actions taken.
• Communicating and coordinate with internal departments.
• To maintain proper order records including Documentation.
Kindly Email Your Resume At The Earliest As Word Doc Attachment Without Changing The Subject Line along with your latest passport size Photograph.

Kindly Let Me Know The Following Details:
Current Salary
Expected Salary
Notice Period

For Any Further Clarification Feel Free To Contact.
Regards,
Jyoti
Proactive Services -Mumbai
Mobile : 0091 8108769136
hire@proactiveservices.co.in




Excellent Opening for WebMaster@Andheri-E (Mumbai)




Let me introduce you to our organization..

Rishabh Software is a leading IT company with its offices in US, UK and India. Rishabh offers customized software solutions for business applications and Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) services to companies from diverse industry domains, globally.

ISO 9001:2000 certified and CMM level 3 certified company.

In response to our further growth plans, we are looking for Web Master. Apart from, excellent overseas assignments, Rishabh also offers a competitive salary structure, a healthy working environment supported by the best HR practices.
Please find below, further job details.

Job Location: Mumbai

Desired Candidate Profile
HTML
CSS
Strong SEO skills (off the page and on the page)
Social Media Optimization knowledge and experience
Good copywriting and grammar skills
Knowledge of PPC is a plus
Knowledge of / capability in PHP is a plus
Knowledge of / capability in SQL Server and/or mySQL is a plus
Job Description
Create search engine marketing and promotion strategies for company websites
Implement SEO strategies for company websites
Perform detailed site analysis and document tactics to be implemented in order for our company's website to be likely to be found in organic web search results
Optimize the various site components including body copy, meta title/descriptions, site architecture, internal linking, etc.
Ensure that new site pages follow proper SEO guidelines with respect to coding.
Assist in reviewing Search Engine Ranking Reports and optimizing under-performing listings
Analyze latest algorithm changes and modify content, links etc accordingly for better results
Conduct keyword analysis and research and develop quality keyword portfolio for all the client sites on a regular basis
Content development in form of articles, blog posts, web page copy and tutorials
Create and manage off the page, link-building, and social media strategies
• Good English communication skills (Written and Spoken)
• Complete understanding of SEO works (both On-page and Off-page).
• Conversant with different SEO tools for keyword research, competitor research, LSI & content analysis and good understanding of Google analytics, ad words, webmaster.
• Excellent managerial and team leading abilities. Capable of managing a team.
• Self motivator with proactive attitude, strong organizational and interpersonal skills.
Thanks & Regards,
 
Abhishek Depuria
Human Resources | Rishabh Software
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Phone: +91 265  2326267/68 | 2341158/59
Email: abhishek.depuria@rishabhsoft.com
Website: rishabhsoft.com | Twitter: twitter.com/RishabhSoft
Linkedin: linkedin.com/company/rishabh-software-pvt.-ltd.



45% MBAs, engineers from class of 2011 jobless Experts advise them to take up any job as 2012 batch will soon enter the market Priyanka Golikeri l Bangalore As per industry estimates nearly 9 lakh students passed out in 2011 as MBAs, engineers and MCAs from institutes approved by the All India Council for Technical Education. Of these, as many as 40-45% are still jobless. Job consultants say of the 9 lakh, about 4.5 lakh students got placed. Of the remaining 4.5 lakh, a handful managed to find jobs through their own networks. “The remaining either didn’t get any job or rejected jobs from lesser-known firms with modest salaries,” said Kris Lakshmikanth, CEO and co-founder, HeadHunters India, a search firm in Bangalore. Firms often scout for students from well-known institutes, leaving those from tier II, III and IV institutes to fend for themselves. Take Rushabh Pandya, 23, for example. Pandya who passed out of an engineering institute from Bangalore rural in 2011 is still at home biting his nails. Only limited firms visited his campus and picked up the brightest 70. The average ones like him had to search on their own. Experts say the moment the CV turns a year old, chances of getting a job dip significantly. “Once the 2012 batch is out, candidates from the previous year will find it even more difficult to get a job,” said P Thiruvengadam, senior director at Deloitte India. Lakshmikanth said candidates should grab jobs offering even Rs6,000-7,000 per month as salaries. Amit Bansal, CEO of skill enhancement firm PurpleLeap, said candidates might come across jobs which are not congruent with their qualifications. So, even if it means the job of an insurance agent or door-step sales job for a MBA, or the job of a supervisor for an engineer, candidates should take them, said Bansal.

45% MBAs, engineers from class of 2011 jobless

Experts advise them to take up any job as 2012 batch will soon enter the market

As per industry estimates nearly 9 lakh students passed out in 2011 as MBAs, engineers and MCAs from institutes approved by the All India Council for Technical Education. Of these, as many as 40-45% are still jobless.
Job consultants say of the 9 lakh, about 4.5 lakh students got placed. Of the remaining 4.5 lakh, a handful managed to find jobs through their own networks. “The remaining either didn’t get any job or rejected jobs from lesser-known firms with modest salaries,” said Kris Lakshmikanth, CEO and co-founder, HeadHunters India, a search firm in Bangalore.
Firms often scout for students from well-known institutes, leaving those from tier II, III and IV institutes to fend for themselves. Take Rushabh Pandya, 23, for example. Pandya who passed out of an engineering institute from Bangalore rural in 2011 is still at home biting his nails. Only limited firms visited his campus and picked up the brightest 70. The average ones like him had to search on their own.
Experts say the moment the CV turns a year old, chances of getting a job dip significantly. “Once the 2012 batch is out, candidates from the previous year will find it even more difficult to get a job,” said P Thiruvengadam, senior director at Deloitte India. Lakshmikanth said candidates should grab jobs offering even Rs6,000-7,000 per month as salaries.
Amit Bansal, CEO of skill enhancement firm PurpleLeap, said candidates might come across jobs which are not congruent with their qualifications. So, even if it means the job of an insurance agent or door-step sales job for a MBA, or the job of a supervisor for an engineer, candidates should take them, said Bansal.

Model question paper (Banking Industry and Finance Only ) - 1



SBI - IBPS - Model question paper (Banking Industry and Finance Only ) - 1 (Sample question paper)

SBI - IBPS - Model question paper (Banking Industry and Finance Only ) - 1 (Sample question paper):

1. Bank for Interntional settlements is situated at
  1. Basel, Switzerland
  2. New York, U.S.A
  3. Luxemburg
  4. London, England
  5. Paris, France
2. 'Swabhiman' is a campaign launched for
  1. Deposit mobilisation
  2. Special loans for jawans
  3. Financial inclusion
  4. Enlarging tax net
  5. None of these
3. During the 2011-12 annual budget, the finance minister has targeted covering 73000 new areas with population of _____ and above under banking services by March 2012.
  1. 1000
  2. 2000
  3. 5000
  4. 10000
  5. 25000
4. The initial minimum capital required to set up new banks has been fixed at Rs. _____ crore.
  1. 100
  2. 200
  3. 500
  4. 1000
  5. 5000
5. RBI has issued guidelines for issuance of fresh licence to banks. As per them, new banks can be set up only through a wholly owned Non-Operative Holding Company (NOHC). The NOHC will have to hold a minimum _______% of the paid up capital for five years.
  1. 25
  2. 40
  3. 50
  4. 100
  5. 74
6. New entities that seek fresh banking licence have to open at least _____% of their branches in unbanked rural centers. (Populations up to 9999 as per 2001 census).
  1. 10
  2. 25
  3. 40
  4. 50
  5. 75
7. Foreign investment (FDI + FII + NRI) for new banks has been capped at ______% for initial five years.
  1. 25
  2. 49
  3. 51
  4. 74
  5. 76
8. In existing banks foreign share holding is permitted up to ____%.
  1. 100
  2. 74
  3. 51
  4. 49
  5. 40
9. SARFAESI (Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest) Act enables financial institutions to
  1. Recover bad loans
  2. Improve financial inclusions
  3. Assess market risks better
  4. Open new branches and outlets
  5. None of these
10. Ranjana Sadashiv Sonwane was the first person to get Aadhar Number in India. She is a tribal woman from Tembhali village in Nandurbar in
  1. Madhya Pradesh
  2. Assam
  3. Rajasthan 
  4. Bihar
  5. Maharashtra
11. Aadhar is a ______digit unique number provided by Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI).
  1. 10
  2. 12
  3. 14
  4. 15
  5. 20
12. UIDAI stores in a centralised database the folowing information of citizens except
  1. Basic demographics
  2. Photographs
  3. Ten finger prints
  4. Iris
  5. DNA details
13. Who is the President of World Bank ?
  1. Robert B Zoellick
  2. Edward R Cook
  3. King Keizer Mavric
  4. Rupert Murdoch
  5. Ms. Christine Lagarde
14. Who is the MD of IMF ?
  1. Robert B Zoellick
  2. Edward R Cook
  3. King Keizer Mavric
  4. Rupert Murdoch
  5. Ms. Christine Lagarde

15. Who is the Deputy Chairman of Planning Commission ? 
  1. Dr. Manmohan Singh
  2. Pranab Mukerjee
  3. Dr. Subbarao
  4. Montek Singh Ahluwalia
  5. None of these
16. The 12th Five Year Plan would begin in the year____.
  1. 2011
  2. 2012
  3. 2013
  4. 2014
  5. 2015
17. Who owns State Bank of India now ?
  1. It is wholly owned by Government of India
  2. It is wholly owned by RBI
  3. It is jointly owned by RBI and Government of India
  4. Majority shares are with Government of India while the balance is owned by private people
  5. None of these
18. Who is considered the 'Lender of Last Resort' in India ?
  1. RBI
  2. Government of India
  3. Planning Commission   
  4. Development Banks
  5. None of these
19. Maximum amount per transaction using NEFT is limited to______.
  1. Rs. 50000
  2. Rs. 100000
  3. Rs. 200000
  4. Rs. 500000
  5. No such limit
20. What is the minimum service charge per transaction for NEFT/RTGS ?
  1. Rs. 6
  2. Rs. 8
  3. Rs. 10
  4. Rs. 25
  5. None of these
21. Banks allow 'no frill account' now. What is their peculiarity ?
  1. Low minimum balance to be kept
  2. No minimum balance requirements
  3. No interest will be given to such accounts
  4. KYC norms are not mandatory
  5. None of these
22. Renminby is the official currency of______
  1. Hong Kong
  2. China
  3. Thailand
  4. Laos
  5. Singapore
23. Which is the biggest financial institution in India ?
  1. SBI
  2. ICICI
  3. LIC
  4. GIC
  5. UTI
24. India's first rural bank ATM card was issued by National Payments Corporation of India for the Kashi Gomti Samyut Gramin Bank. This card is named ________
  1. Rupay Grmin Card
  2. Kisan Card
  3. Samyut Card
  4. Kashi Gramin Card
  5. None of these
25. The above mentioned card was launched in association with_____
  1. SBI
  2. Union Bank of India
  3. Canara Bank
  4. Bank of India
  5. None of these
26. Which of the following is NOT a pubic sector bank functioning in India now ?
  1. Andhra Bank
  2. Bank of Maharashtra
  3. United Bank of India
  4. New Bank of India
  5. Allahabad Bank
27. From which state was the Janani-Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare launched recently ?
  1. Kerala
  2. Maharashtra
  3. Haryana
  4. Rajasthan
  5. None of these
28. SCORES is a complains redressal system launched by ________
  1. SEBI
  2. IBA
  3. CBDT
  4. CCI
  5. None of these
29. Direct Tax collections account for what share of GDP in India ?
  1. 9.26 %
  2. 7.62 %
  3. 5.66 %
  4. 4.72 %
  5. None of these
30. The National Broadband Plan is aimed at rolling out broadband infrastructure to every village with more than _____ people.
  1. 500
  2. 1000
  3. 1500
  4. 2000
  5. None of these
31. Which of the following have been disallowed from opening branches abroad by the RBI ?
  1. Private sector banks
  2. Pension funds
  3. Cooperative banks
  4. NBFCs
  5. None of these
32. What is India's per capita income at current prices in 2010-11 ?
  1. Rs. 41532
  2. Rs. 45278
  3. Rs. 49294
  4. Rs. 54835
  5. None 
33. What is the share of micro small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in India's industrial production ?
  1. 8.72 %
  2. 16.18 %
  3. 24.67 %
  4. 44.86 %
  5. None of these 
34. Goa became the first state in the country to launch cashless health insurance scheme "______ Arogya Bhima Yojana" for its entire population in September 2011.
  1. Shatabdi
  2. Rashtriya 
  3. Nehru
  4. Swarnajayanti
  5. Sampoorna
35. Which of the following is a  private sector bank ?
  1. Oriental Bank of Commerce
  2. Karur Vysya Bank
  3. Indian Bank 
  4. Corporation Bank
  5. All the above
36. With which of the following has India Post tied up to provide money transfer service to enable those working abroad to remit money to their dependents in India not having bank accounts.
  1. Money Gram
  2. Western Union 
  3. Paypal
  4. Master Card
  5. Visa
37. What is the full form of DGFT ?
  1. Development and Grouping of Foreign Trade
  2. Demand and Grouping of Foreign Trade
  3. Director General of Foreign Trade
  4. All the above are correct under different contexts
  5. None of these
38. The RBI capped bank investments in to liquid schemes to what per cent of the bank's net worth ?
  1. 15 %
  2. 10 %
  3. 12 %
  4. 13.2 %
  5. None of these
39. Which of the following bodies in April 2011 modified the norms for appointment of its internal auditor ?
  1. SEBI
  2. PFRDA
  3. IRDA
  4. India Inc
  5. None of these
40. NASSCOM Chairman ?
  1. Rajendra Singh Pawar
  2. Harsh Manglik
  3. N. Chandrashekaran 
  4. Ganesh Natarajan
  5. None of these


View answer

ANSWER KEY:



1. Bank for Interntional settlements is situated at
  1. Basel, Switzerland
2. 'Swabhiman' is a campaign launched fo

     3. Financial Inclusion

3. During the 2011-12 annual budget, the finance minister has targeted covering 73000 new areas with population of _____ and above under banking services by March 2012.

     2. 2000

4. The initial minimum capital required to set up new banks has been fixed at Rs. _____ crore.

     3. 500

5. RBI has issued guidelines for issuance of fresh licence to banks. As per them, new banks can be set up only through a wholly owned Non-Operative Holding Company (NOHC). The NOHC will have to hold a minimum _______% of the paid up capital for five years.

      2. 40

6. New entities that seek fresh banking licence have to open at least _____% of their branches in unbanked rural centers. (Populations up to 9999 as per 2001 census).

       2. 25

7. Foreign investment (FDI + FII + NRI) for new banks has been capped at ______% for initial five years.


       2. 49


8. In existing banks foreign share holding is permitted up to ____%.
      
       2. 74
9. SARFAESI (Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest) Act enables financial institutions to
  1. Recover bad loans
10. Ranjana Sadashiv Sonwane was the first person to get Aadhar Number in India. She is a tribal woman from Tembhali village in Nandurbar in

      5. Maharashtra

11. Aadhar is a ______digit unique number provided by Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI)

       2. 12

12. UIDAI stores in a centralised database the folowing information of citizens except

       5. DNA Details

13. Who is the President of World Bank ?
  1. Robert B Zoellick
14. Who is the MD of IMF ?

     5. Ms. Christine Lagarde

15. Who is the Deputy Chairman of Planning Commission ? 

     4.  Montek Singh Ahluwalia
16. The 12th Five Year Plan would begin in the year____.

     2.  2012

17. Who owns State Bank of India now ?

     4.  Majority shares are with Government of India while the balance is owned by private people

18. Who is considered the 'Lender of Last Resort' in India ?
  1. RBI
19. Maximum amount per transaction using NEFT is limited to______.

     3.  Rs. 200000

20. What is the minimum service charge per transaction for NEFT/RTGS ?
  1. Rs. 6
21. Banks allow 'no frill account' now. What is their peculiarity ?

     2.  No minimum balance requirements

22. Renminby is the official currency of______

     2.  China

23. Which is the biggest financial institution in India ?

     3.  LIC

24. India's first rural bank ATM card was issued by National Payments Corporation of India for the Kashi Gomti Samyut Gramin Bank. This card is named ________
  1. Rupay Grmin Card
25. The above mentioned card was launched in association with_____

     2.   Union Bank of India

26. Which of the following is NOT a pubic sector bank functioning in India now ?

     4.   New Bank of India

27. From which state was the Janani-Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare launched recently ?

     3.   Haryana

28. SCORES is a complains redressal system launched by ________
  1. SEBI
29. Direct Tax collections account for what share of GDP in India ?

     3.   5.66 %

30. The National Broadband Plan is aimed at rolling out broadband infrastructure to every village with more than _____ people.
  1. 500
31. Which of the following have been disallowed from opening branches abroad by the RBI ?

     4.   NBFCs

32. What is India's per capita income at current prices in 2010-11 ?

     4.   Rs. 54835

33. What is the share of micro small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in India's industrial production ?

     4.   44.86 %

34. Goa became the first state in the country to launch cashless health insurance scheme "______ Arogya Bhima Yojana" for its entire population in September 2011.

     4.   Swarnajayanti

35. Which of the following is a  private sector bank ?

     2.   Karur Vysya Bank

36. With which of the following has India Post tied up to provide money transfer service to enable those working abroad to remit money to their dependents in India not having bank accounts.

  1. Money Gram
37. What is the full form of DGFT ?
     3.  Director General of Foreign Trade

38. The RBI capped bank investments in to liquid schemes to what per cent of the bank's net worth ?
     2.  10 %

39. Which of the following bodies in April 2011 modified the norms for appointment of its internal auditor ?

  1. SEBI
40. NASSCOM Chairman ?

  1. Rajendra Singh Pawar

सीरिया का संकट और अमेरिका



सीरिया का संकट और अमेरिका

- पुष्परंजन

क्या अमेरिका के कहने पर भारतीय कंपनी सीरिया में अपना जमा-जमाया कारोबार छोड़ दे? यह किस तरह की चौधराहट है? पहले इरान से व्यापार खत्म करने के लिए दबाव और अब सीरिया की बारी!

सीरिया की पहचान कइ सारे ह्लवालामुखी के कारण भी है इनमें से चार तो सुप्त हैं, लेकिन दो ह्लवालामुखी जागृत हैं प्रकृति ने सीरिया का जो किया, सो किया अब इस मुल्क में पश्चिमी देशों के सहयोग से सत्ता परिवतन के नाम पर जो 'जन ह्लवालामुखी' तैयार हो रही है, वह कभी भी फट सकती है इराक, इजराइल, जॉडन, लेबनान, तुकी और भूमध्यसागर से घिरे सीरिया के बारे में अमेरिकी विदेश मंत्री हिलेरी क्लिंटन ने भविष्यवाणी की है कि यहां कभी भी गृह युद्ध छिड़ सकता है

1963 से ही सीरिया में बाथ पाटी सत्ता में है संयुक्त राष्ट­ की मानें तो पिछले साल 26 जनवरी से छिड़ी सत्ता परिवतन की लड़ाइ में 5,400 लोग मारे गये हैं मानवाधिकारवादियों का तो दावा है कि आठ हजार से अधिक लोग मारे जा चुके हैं गुजरे रविवार को संविधान सुधार के लिए मतसंग्रह में हिंसा हुइ और सौ से अधिक लोग मारे गये राष्ट­पति बशर अल-असद ने 894 प्रतिशत मतदाताओं से 2028 तक सत्ता में बने रहने का लाइसेंस ले लिया है नाराज यूरोपीय संघ ने सीरिया के खिलाफ और भी कड़े प्रतिबंध लगाने की घोषणा कर दी है अमेरिका और उसके मित्र देश हर हाल में राष्ट­पति अल-असद को सत्ता से उतारने की शपथ ले चुके हैं बशर के वालिद हफीज अल-असद 2000 में सिधार जाने से पहले 29 साल तक सीरिया की सत्ता पर विराजमान रहे उनके उत्तराधिकारी बशर अल-असद राष्ट­पति बनने से पहले आंखों के डॉक्टर थे और राजनीति से दूर रहा करते थे

'पश्चिमी क्लब' का आरोप है कि सीरिया हर समय लेबनान के अंदरूनी मामलों में टांग अड़ाता है 14 फरवरी 2005 को लेबनान के प्रधानमंत्री रफीक हरीरी की हत्या में सीरिया का हाथ बताया जाता है फिलिस्तीनी अतिवादी सीरिया में पनाह लेते रहे हैं आरोप यह भी है कि मानवाधिकार हनन में सीरिया की मास्टरी है देह व्यापार से लेकर आतंकवाद, हवाला व ड­ग तस्करी को सीरिया के शासक ब़ढावा देते रहे हैं पर सवाल यह है कि पश्चिम समथक सीरिया के पड़ोसी देश इजराइल, तुकी, लेबनान क्या दूधके धुले हैं?

सीरिया अमेरिकी क्लब की हिट लिस्ट में आज से नहीं, पिछले चार दशकों से है 1971 में सीरिया ने अपने बंदरगाह शहर तारतुस में रूसी नौसैनिक अड्डा बनाने की अनुमति देकर अमेरिका की नींद उड़ा दी थी भूमध्यसागर में रूस का यह अकेला नौसैनिक अड्डा है, जिससे बचने के लिए 2008 में अमेरिका ने पोलैंड समेत पूवी यूरोप में परमाणु प्रषोपास्त्र प्रतिरषा कवच बनाने की ठान ली थी 2010 तक रूस सीरिया को ड़ेढ अरब डॉलर के हथियार दे चुका था पिछले वष भी रूस सीरिया को चार अरब डॉलर के हथियार भेजने का समझौता कर चुका है इसी साल 4 फरवरी को संयुक्त राष्ट­ सुरषा परिषद में सीरिया के खिलाफ प्रतिबंध प्रस्ताव चीन और रूस के वीटो के कारण पास नहीं हो सका सीरिया को इससे शह मिलती गयी और चीन-रूस के खिलाफ गुस्सा ब़ढता गया है

यह नोट करने वाली बात है कि संयुक्त राष्ट­ में 'वीटो' के कारण जो प्रस्ताव गिरता है, वही प्रस्ताव 27 सदस्यों वाले यूरोपीय संघ में पास कराया जाता है इरान के साथ भी ऐसा ही हुआ था अमेरिकी मित्र मंडली उन देशों के पीछे भी पड़ी है, जो सीरिया से व्यापार कर रहे हैं भारत उनमें से एक है भारत पर दबाव है कि वह सीरिया में 115 अरब डॉलर के निवेश वाली योजना स्थगित कर दे भारत-चीन साझे रूप से सीरिया में तेल की खोज, दोहन-प्रशोधन और उसकी 'मार्केटिंग' में शामिल हैं सवाल यह है कि क्या अमेरिका के कहने पर भारतीय कंपनी ओएनजीसी 'विदेश' सीरिया में अपना जमा-जमाया कारोबार छोड़ दे?यह किस तरह की चौधराहट है? पहले इरान से तेल लेने तथा व्यापार समाप्त करने के लिए भारत पर दबाव और अब सीरिया की बारी!

सीरिया से भारत के रिश्ते कोइ दो-चार दशक के नहीं हैं भारत में जो पहला चच स्थापित हुआ था, वह सीरियन चच ही था उसकी स्थापना करने वाले यीशु मसीह के 12वें प्रचारक सेंट थॉमस पहली सदी में केरल आये थे और फिर यहीं के होकर रह गये

देखने में तो यही लगता है कि सीरिया में एक तानाशाह शासन है और उसका हटना जरूरी है लेकिन व्यवस्था परिवतन की ठेकेदारी अमेरिका और उसके पश्चिमी मित्रों ने ही क्यों ले रखी है? भूमध्यसागर वाले इलाके के लोगों को पता है कि इस मुहिम में अमेरिका, तुकी और इजराइल की तिकड़ी सबसे अधिक सक्रिय है इजराइली खुफिया मोसाद, ब्रिटेन की एमआइ-6, तुकी की 'एमआइटी' और सीआइए के जासूसों ने सीरिया में बाथ पाटी की सत्ता उखाड़ने को नियमित रूप से हथियार, पैसे और भाड़े के सैनिक भेजे हैं

अमेरिकी विदेश विभाग के अधिकारी विक्टोरिया नूलैंड ने जून 2011 में स्वीकारा था कि बहुत सारे सीरियाइ नागरिक हमारे संपक में हैं, जो व्यवस्था परिवतन चाहते हैं पिछले साल 18 माच को जॉडन की सीमा से लगे दारा में जिस जनक्रांति की शुरुआत हुइ थी, उसमें इजराइल समथक 'सलाफिस्ट ग्रुप' के लोग थे इन्हें पैसा और हथियार सऊदी अरब से दिये गये थे अब तो सावजनिक रूप से अमेरिका समथक दो अरब देशों ने विद्रोहियों को हथियार और पैसा देने की बात कही है ऐसे में पिछले हफ्ते ट्यूनीशिया में 'फ्रेंड्स ऑफ सीरिया' जैसे सम्मेलन का औचित्य क्या रह जाता है? तुकी और बल्गारिया में भी माच-अप्रैल में सीरिया पर सम्मेलन होना है

सवाल यह है कि सीरिया में जो निदोष नागरिक मारे जा रहे हैं, उसके अकेले जिम्मेवार सीरियाइ राष्ट­पति बशर अल-असद ही क्यों हैं? अमेरिका और यूरोपीय संघ क्यों नहीं? तो क्या इस तरह के तख्तापलट अभियान में भारत को भी शामिल होना चाहिए? निश्चित रूप से नहीं!



IBPS specialist officer call letter but unfortunately i don't have e-receipt of payment

I have received the ibps specialist officer call letter but unfortunately i don't have e-receipt of payment. Actually i have paid through online mode but i don't hv the printout.
Can u plz help me out & tell me the way how to get it now?

Answer:

This is very simple.Visit IBPS site ..enter your reg no. and password etc..
there you will get an option of Invoice..go for it..this is your e-recepit...take its printout..

Kindly follow this URL:
http://ibpsreg.sifyitest.com/cwespl_dec11/


the website will re-open just two days before the exams as one of my friend has confirmed this he was having the same issue. So you can get the prints by 9th or 10 mar from the site itself. just be aware

Please check the ibps website.. you can download the e-invoice of the feed paid.  I took it yesterday.

Can anybody tell me the total initial salary in probation period as Bank PO

Question:
Hello guys, i m selected for Bank PO in Union Bank of India, can anybody tell me the total initial salary in probation period?

Answer:
Hi Anil,

For the first year you will given a BASIC pay of Rs. 14500 + other
Perks and Allowances
which will be upto Rs. 23000-24000(it may Vary from Bank to Bank)
Gross (without deductions like PF, ESI, TAX etc..)

Your Pay Scale as a Grade I officer will be
14,500-600/7-18700-700/2-20,
100-800/7-25,700.

let me help you to Decode the above Numbers in the Pay Scale :

[14,500-600/7]-[18700-700/2]-[20,100-800/7]-25,700


[14,500-600/7]
Initially you will be given a basic pay of Rs. 14500 + Perks and the
annual appraisal
in your basic pay will be of Rs 600 for the next 7 years.


[18700-700/2]
After 7 years your basic pay will become Rs. 18700 and after that your
annual appraisal
will be Rs. 700 for the next 2 years.


[20,100-800/7]
After 9 years of your joining you will be getting a basic pay of Rs.
20100 and after that
your annual appraisal will be Rs. 800 for the next 7 years.


25,700
after 16 years of your joining you will get a basic pay of Rs. 25,700
and after that you will
be automatically promoted to the next grade.


The Above elaboration is just to make you understand that what exactly
a pay scale means. You will not be restricted to this pay scale only,
after 2 years when your Probation is over, you will be given chances
for Promotion by appearing in Departmental Exams and with each
promotion you will also Jump in to a New Grade and a new Pay Scale.


Hope that the information was Helpful to you.

National Savings Certificate (VIII Issue)

National Savings Certificate (VIII Issue)

Purchase of Certificate: A Certificate can be purchased from all Head Post Offices and
authorized Post Offices. A Certificate can be purchased by an adult for himself or jointly,
by an adult on behalf of a minor. Any person desirous to purchase National Savings
Certificate, shall apply in a prescribed Form in any Post Office, in person or through an
authorized agent Small Savings.

Payment: Payment for the purchase of the Certificate may be made to a Post Office in
cash, locally executed cheque, order, demand draft drawn in favour of  Postmaster, a
duly signed Withdrawal Form with the Passbook for withdrawal from the Post Office
Savings Bank Account or surrender of a matured old certificate duly discharged as
"Received payment through issue of fresh certificate vide application attached."

Rate of Interest: Rate of Interest is 8.16 per cent compounded half yearly and paid after
the maturity period of Six years along with the principal amount. The interest, as
specified in the table below, shall accrue to the holder of the certificate the end of each
year and such interest shall be deemed to have been re invested on behalf of the holder
and aggregated the amount of face value of the certificate.

Encashment: The Certificate can be encashed after Six years. The Certificate can be
encashed at the Post Office at which stands registered or it can also be encashed at any
other Post Office if the Office-In-Charge of that Post Office is satisfied verification from
the office of its registration that the person presenting the Certificate for encashment is
entitled to.
The person entitled to receive the amount due under a Certificate shall, on its
encashment, sign on the back thereof in token of having received the payment. If the
Certificate is purchased on behalf of a minor who has since attained majority, Certificate
shall be signed by such a person himself, but his signature shall be attested either by the
person who purchased the Certificate on his behalf or by any person who is known to the
Postmaster.
In case of death of the holder, in respect of which a nomination is in force, the nominee
or nominees shall be entitled encash the Certificate at any time before or after the
maturity of the Certificate or they can sub-divide the Certificate appropriate
denominations in favour of individual nominees or two adult nominees jointly. For this,
the surviving nominees shall make an application to the Postmaster, supported by  the
proof of death of the holder.
 
• Rs.100 grows to Rs.160.10 on maturity with interest rate of 8 per cent
compounded half yearly
• Minimum investment Rs.100. No maximum limit
• Available in denominations of Rs.100, Rs.500, Rs.1000, Rs.5,000 and Rs.10,000
• Deposits up to Rs.100000 qualify under section 80C of the Income Tax Act
• Interest accruing annually is automatically reinvested, and such re-invested
interest will also qualify for
• tax  rebate  under section 80C of the Income Tax Act
• No tax deduction at source
Premature Encashment: A Certificate may be prematurely encashed- in case of If the
Certificate is encashed within one year from the date of Certificate, only the face value of
the Certificate shall payable. If the Certificate is encashed after expiry of One year but
before the expiry of Three years from the date Certificate, an amount equivalent to the
face value of the Certificate together with simple interest shall be payable. If Certificate
is encashed after the expiry of Three years from the date of Certificate, the amount
payable, inclusive of interest for the denomination of Rs.100 shall be as given in the
table.

Features of the Scheme


National Savings Certificate Scheme was issued vide Government of India, Ministry of
Finance (DEA) Notification Number G.S.R. 496 (E) dated May 1, 1989 and further
amended from time to time.

Some features regarding transfer of the Certificate are:

Replacement of Lost or Destroyed Certificate: If a Certificate is lost, stolen, destroyed,
mutilated or defaced, the person entitled thereto may apply for the issue of a duplicate
Certificate to the Post Office where the Certificate is registered. application shall be
accompanied by a statement showing particulars such as number, amount, date of the
Certificate and circumstances attending such loss, theft, destruction, mutilation or
defacement. If the Officer-In-Charge is satisfied, he issue a duplicate Certificate on the
applicant furnishing an indemnity bond in the prescribed Form with sureties or with
bank's guarantee.
* death of the holder
* forfeiture by a pledgee being Gazetted Government Officer when the pledge is in
conformity with these rules
* when ordered by the Court of Law
 
   Period From The Date Of The Certificate To                 Amount Payable
       The Date Of  Its Encashment                                     Inclusive Of Interest

More than 3 years but less than 3 years and 6 months           121.15
More than 3 years and 6 months but less than 4 years           125.09
More than 4 years but less than 4 years and 6 months           129.16
More than 4 years and 6 months but less than 5 years           133.36
More than 5 years but less than 5 years and 6 months           137.69
More than 5 years and 6 months but less than 6 years           142.16
                                                                                                  
• A National Savings Certificate can be transferred from one Post Office to
another, by making an    application in prescribed Form.
• The Certificate can also be transferred from one person to another with the
previous consent in writing of the Postmaster or the Head Postmaster. The
transfer can be made after the expiry of a period of at least one year from the date
of Certificate.
• On an application being made in the prescribed Form by the transferor and
transferee, the Postmaster may permit transfer of any Certificate (pledging of
Certificate) as a security to the President of India or Governor of a State in official
capacity, to the Reserve Bank of India or any scheduled bank, to any co-operative
society, to a Corporation Government company, to a local authority or to a
housing finance company approved by the National Housing Bank. transfer is
permitted only for the whole amount and not for the part of it. Transfer of the
Certificate purchased on behalf of minor shall be permitted only if his guardian
certifies that the minor is alive and the transfer is for the benefit of minor. The
Certificate may be re-transferred to the investor on the written authority of the
pledgee, with the previous sanction of the authorized Postmaster.
• National Savings Certificate can be purchased in Demat Form in select Post
Offices.

Nomination: Nomination facility is available for the National Savings Certificate. If such
nomination is not made at the of purchasing the Certificate, it may be made by the single
holder, the joint holder or the surviving joint holder, by applying in prescribed Form, at
any time after the purchase of the Certificate.
No nomination shall be made in respect of a Certificate applied for and held by or on
behalf of a minor.
A nomination made by the holder or holders of the Certificate may cancelled or varied by
submitting application in prescribed Form affixing postage stamps, together with the
Certificate to Postmaster.


THE PUBLIC PROVIDENT FUND SCHEME, 1968


THE PUBLIC PROVIDENT FUND SCHEME, 1968

[Issued vide  Government of India, MOF (DEA) Notification No. GSR 1136 dated 15.6.1968 and further amended from time to time]

GSR 1136;-  In exercise  of the power  conferred by Section 3 of  the Public
Provident Fund Act, 1968 (23 of 1968), the Central Government  hereby makes
the following scheme, namely:-

1.  Short title and commencement:- (1)  This scheme may be called the
Public Provident Fund Scheme, 1968.
 
(2) It shall come into force  on Ist July, 1968.

2.  Definitions:- In this scheme, unless  the context otherwise requires
:-

(a)  'Account'   means a Public Provident Fund Account under this scheme.
(b)  'Accounts Office'  means an office  or branch  of the State Bank of India,          
may subsidiary bank of the State Bank of India  (excluding  a  pay office, a
sub pay office  or any other office managed by single officer or clerk) and
any other  office authorized by the Central Government to receive
subscriptions under the scheme;
( c) 'Accounts  Officer'   means  the person  who  for the time  being  is in
charge  of an Accounts Office. 
(d) 'Act' means    the Public Provident Fund  Act, 1968 (23 of 1968)
(e)  'Form'   means   a form appended to this scheme;
(ee) 'Guardian' in relation to a minor, means:-' 
 
(i) Father or mother and
(ii) Where neither parent is alive, or where the only living parent is
incapable of acting, a person entitled under the law for the time being
in force to have care of the property of minor;

(f) 'Year'  means  the financial  year  (Ist April to 31st March)

3.  Limit of subscription:- (1)  Any individual may, on his own behalf or  on
behalf of a minor  of whom he is the guardian, subscribe to the Public Provident
Fund (thereafter referred to as the fund) any amount not less than  Rs. 500
and not more than Rs. 70,000 in a year.

     (2)  Notwithstanding  anything  contained in sub-paragraph (1), an individual
may also subscribe to the fund  on behalf of:-
 
(a) a Hindu Undivided Family, or
(b) an association of persons or a body of individuals consisting in either 
case, only of husband and wife  governed by the system  of  community
of property  in force in the State of Goa  and the Union territories of
Dadra  and Nagar Haveli and daman and Diu, by whom or on whose
behalf money  is deposited in an account  and the deposit means money
is deposited.

Out of  the income  of the Hindu Undivided  Family or an association of
persons or body of individuals, as the case may be , any amount not less
than Rs. 500 and not more than  Rs. 70,000 in a year.

    Non Resident Indians are not  eligible to open an account  under the
Public Provident Fund Scheme:-

        Provided that if a resident who subsequently becomes Non Resident Indian
during the currency  of the maturity period prescribed under Public Provident
Fund Scheme, may continue  to subscribe to the Fund  till its maturity on a Non
Repatriation Basis.

      [MOF (DEA) Notification No GSR 585 (E) dated 25.7.2003]

   4.  Manner of making the subscription:- (1)  Every individual desirous of
subscribing to Fund under the Scheme for the first time either on his own behalf
or on behalf of a minor of whom he is the guardian or on behalf of a Hindu
Undivided Family of which he is a member or on behalf of an Association of
persons or a Body of individuals as referred to in sub rule 2(b) of Rule 3 above
shall apply to the Accounts Office in Form A, or as near thereto as possible
together  with the amount of initial subscription which shall be integral multiples
of Rs.5
      (2)  On receipt of an application  under sub-paragraph(1), the Accounts
Office  shall open  an account  in the name of  the subscriber and issue a pass
book to him, wherein all amount  of deposits, withdrawals, loans and repayment
thereof together  with interest due  shall be entered  over the signature of the
Accounts Officer with the date stamp.
      (3)  The subscriber shall deposit his subscription  with the Account Office
with challan in Form B, or as near thereto  s possible.  The counterfoil of the
challan  shall be returned  to the depositor by the Account Office, duly  evidence
by receipt.  In the case of deposits made by  cheques  or draft or pay order, the
Accounts Office, may issue  a paper token to the depositor pending  realization
of the proceeds.
     (4)  Every subscription shall be made in cash or by crossed cheques or  draft
or pay  order din favour of the Accounts Officer at the place at which that office
is situated.
    
5.  Number  of subscription:   The subscription, which  shall be in multiples of
Rs. 5 may,  for any year, be paid into the account in one  lump sum or
installments not exceeding twelve in a year.

6.  Transfer of Account:-   A subscriber  may apply  for transfer  of his
account  from one "Account  Office" to another "Account Office".
7.  Issue of duplicate  pass book, etc.:-  (1) In the event  of loss or
destruction of a pass book issued  by  an Accounts Office, the Accounts Office
may, on an application made to it in this  behalf, and on payment  of rupee one
by the subscriber, issue  a duplicate thereof to him.
(2) Condonation of default:-   A subscriber who fails to subscribe in any year
according to the limits specified in paragraph 3, may approach the Accounts
Office for condonation of the default, on payment , for each year of default , a
fee of Rs. 50 alongwith  arrear subscription of Rs. 500 for each year.

 8. Interest -   Interest at the rate , notified by the Central Government in
official gazette from time to time, shall be allowed for calendar month on the
lowest balance at credit  of an account  between the close of the fifth day and
the end of the month and shall be credited to the account  at the end of each
year.

     Provided that where the interest to be credited contains a part of a rupee.
Then, if such part is fifty paise or more, it shall be increased to one complete
rupee, and if  such part is less than fifty paise, it shall be ignored.

    9. Withdrawals from the  Fund:-  (1) Any time  after the expiry of  five
years from the end of the year in which the initial subscription was  made , a
subscriber may, if he so desires, apply in Form C or as near thereto as possible,
together with  his pass book to the Accounts Office withdrawing  from the
balance  to his credit, an amount  not exceeding  fifty per cent  of the  amount
that stood to his credit at the end  of the forth year immediately preceding the
year of withdrawal or at the end of preceding year, whichever  is lower, less the
amount  of loan, if any, drawn by him under paragraph 10 and which remains to
be repaid:
  Provided that not more than one withdrawal shall be permissible during any
one year.

    (2)  On receipt  of an application under sub paragraph (1) the Accounts Office
may, after satisfying  itself that the amount  of withdrawal applied for is not in
excess of the limit prescribed in sub-paragraph (1) and that  the applicant has,
till the date  of application,  been subscribing according  to the limit specified in
paragraph 3, subject to the provisions of sub-paragraph (4)  permit the
withdrawal and  enter the amount  withdrawn in the pass book.
    (3) Closure of account or continuation of account without deposits
after maturity:-   Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-paragraph (1),  any
time after the expiry of 15 years from the end of the year in which the  initial
subscription was made by him, a subscriber  may, if  he  so desires, apply in
Form C or as 'near thereto as possible together with his pass book to the 
Accounts Office for the withdrawal  of the entire  balance standing to his credit
and the Accounts Office, on receipt of such an application  from the subscriber,
shall  subject to the provisions of sub-paragraph (4) allow the withdrawal of the
entire balance (together  with interest up to  the last day of the month
preceding the month in which the application for withdrawals made) after
making adjustments, if any, in respect of any interest due from  the subscriber
on loans taken by him and close  his account.
 
 Provided  that a subscriber  may, if he so desires, make  withdrawal of the
amount  standing  to his credit, from  time to time, in installments not exceeding
one in a year.

(3A)  Continuation of account  with deposits after maturity :-  Subject  to
the provisions of sub-paragraph (3) a subscriber may, on the expiry of 15 years
from  the end  of the year in which  the initial subscription was made  but before 
then expiry of one year thereafter, may exercise an option with the Accounts
Office in  Form H,  or as near thereto as possible, that he would  continue to
subscribe  for a  further block period of 5 years according to the  limits of
subscription specified in paragraph 3.

(3B) In the event of a subscriber  opting  to subscribe for the aforesaid  block
period he shall be eligible  to make partial withdrawals not exceeding  one every
year by applying  to the Accounts Office in Form  C, or as near thereto as
possible, subject to the condition that the total of the withdrawals,  during  the 5
year blcok period , shall not exceed  60 percent of the balance at his credit at the
commencement of the said period.
 
 
 10.   Loans:-   (1)  Notwithstanding  the  provisions of paragraph 9, any
time  after the expiry of one year from the end of the year in which  the
initial  subscription was made but before  expiry  of five years from the end
of the year in which the initial subscription was made, a subscriber may, he
so desires, apply in Form D or as near thereto as possible, together  with
his pass book  to the  Accounts Office for obtaining loan consisting of a sum
of  whole rupees not exceeding twenty five percent  of amount that  stood
to his  credit to at the ends  of the second year immediately preceding  the
year in which  the loan is applied for.

  (2)  On receipt  of an application  under sub-paragraph (1) the Accounts
Office may, after satisfying itself  that the amount  of loan applied for is not
in excess of the limit  prescribed  in sub-paragraph (1)  and that the
applicant has, till the date  of application, been subscribing  according  to
the limit  specified in  paragraph 3, subject to the  provisions  of sub
paragraph (3), sanction  the loan and enter the amount  in the pass book.

(3)  Where the application is made by  a person  who has made
subscriptions to the Fund on behalf  of a minor  of whom  he is the
guardian,  he shall  furnish  a  certificate in the following form, namely:-

  ' certified that the amount  for which  loan is applied for is required for the
use of ……. Who is alive and is still  a minor."
 11. Repayment  of loan and interest :- (1)  The principal amount of a
loan  under this Scheme  shall be repaid  by the subscriber  before  the
expiry  of  thirty  six months from the first  day of the month  following  the
month  in which then loan is sanctioned. The repayment a may be made
either  in one lump sum or in  two or more monthly installments  within  the
prescribed period  of thirty six  months.  The repayment will be  credited to
the subscriber's account.

  (2)  After the principal of the loan is fully  repaid, the  subscriber  shall pay
interest  thereon in not  more than  two monthly  installments at the rate
of  one percent  perannum  of the principal  for the period of
commencing  from the first  day of  the month  following  the month  in
which  the loan is  drawn up to the last day of  the month  in which  the last 
installment of the loan
 
     Provided  that where the loan is   repaid, only in part  within the
prescribed  period of thirty six months, interest  on the amount of loan
outstanding  shall be charged at  six per cent  per annum instead  of at
one per cent  per annum  from the first day  of the month  following the
month  in which  the loan was  obtained to the last day of the month in
which the loan is  finally repaid.

 (3)  The interest on the amount  of loan outstanding  under the proviso to
sub-paragraph (2) and any portion  on interest payable, but  not paid, on
any  loan , the principal  amount  of which  has already  been repaid  within
the prescribed  period of thirty six months, may, on becoming due, be
debited  to the subscriber's account.

   (4)  The interest recoverable  shall accrue to the Central Government .

 
 
12. Nomination and repayment after death of subscriber :-
(1)    subscriber  to the fund  may  nominate  in Form E or, as
near  thereto as possible, one or more  persons to receive  the
amount  stading to his credit  in the event of  his death before
the amount  has become  payable or, having  become  payable ,
has not been paid.
Note:-   Nomination may also be made in respect of an  account  opened
on behalf of a Hindu Undivided Family (HUF).
 (2)  No Nomination  shall be made in respect of an account opened on
behalf of minor.

 [MOF (DEA) Notification No. GSR 477 (E) dated 25.5.1994]

  (3) A nomination made  by a subscriber  may be  cancelled or varied by
a fresh nomination in  Form F  or , as near thereto  as possible by giving
notice in writing to the Accounts Office in which the account stands.

(4) Every nomination  and every  cancellation  or variation  thereof  shall 
be registered  in the Accounts Office and shall be  effective from the date
of such registration, the particulars of which shall be entered in the pass
book.
 
(5) If any nominee is a minor, the subscriber may appoint any person to
receive the amount due under the account  in the event  of the death  of
the subscriber during  the minority of the nominee.
(6) Notwithstanding  the provisions contained in paragraph 9-
 
a. If a subscriber  to an account in espect of which a nomination is
in force dies, the nominee or nominees may make  an application
in Form G or,  as near thereto as possible, to the Accounts
Office  together with proof of death of the subscriber and on
receipt  of such application  all amounts standing  to the  credit of
the subscriber after making adjustment, if any, in respect of
interest on loans taken by the subscriber  shall be repaid by the
Accounts Office itself to the nominee or nominees.

Provided that if any nominee is dead, the surviving  nominee or nominees
shall, in addition to the proof of death of the subscriber, also furnish proof
of  the death of the deceased nominee.
 
b. Where there is  no nomination in force at the time of death of the
subscriber,  the amount  standing  to the credit of the deceased
after making  adjustment, if any, in respect of interest on loans
taken by the subscriber, shall be repaid  by the Accounts Office to
the legal heirs of the deceased on receipt of application in Form
G  in this  behalf from them.

Provided that the balance   up to Rs. 1 lakh   may be paid  to the legal
heirs on production of (i) a letter  of indemnity, (ii) an  affidavit, (iii) a
letter of disclaimer on affidavit, and (iv) a certificate  of death of
subscriber, on stamped paper, in  the forms as in Annexure to Form G.

(7) A subscriber to the Fund cannot  nominee a trust as his nominee.
 
 13.  Power to relax:-   Where the Central Govt is  satisfied  that the
operation of the any of the provisions of this scheme causes undue hardship  to
a subscriber, it may, by order  for reasons to be recorded in writing , relax the
requirements of that provision in a manner not inconsistent with the provisions
of the Act.
 

BODY LANGUAGE TACTICS THAT SWAY INTERVIEWERS

BODY  LANGUAGE  TACTICS  THAT  SWAY  INTERVIEWERS

 


Before a job interview, do you peruse magazines or review prepared notes? When the meeting begins, do you wait to be told where to sit or choose your own chair? And do you give passionately expressive or carefully controlled responses?

In each of these instances, your body language speaks volumes about how you'd perform at a company. In fact, some experts say nonverbal cues are more important than verbal ones. According to these studies, body language comprises 55% of the force of any response, whereas the verbal content only provides 7%, and "paralanguage," or the intonation, pauses and sighs given when answering, represents 38% of the emphasis.

Jo-Ann Vega, president of JV Career and Human Resources Consulting Services in Nyack, N.Y., says body language is so important that it frequently torpedoes what we say.

"Our nonverbal messages often contradict what we say in words," says Ms. Vega. "When we send mixed messages or our verbal messages don't jibe with our body statements, our credibility can crumble because most smart interviewers believe the nonverbal."

Laid-off managers are a case in point. They're often so traumatized by their terminations that they appear downcast, even when discussing their strengths, says Ms. Vega. Difficult questions can throw them off balance, and their anxiety may cause them to fidget or become overly rigid, she says.

Since nonverbal communication is more eloquent, honest and accurate than verbal communication, such actions reveal your inner confidence. While words can deceive -- many people don't mean what they say or say what they mean -- body language is subconscious. Since it's more spontaneous and less controlled, it shows our true feelings and attitudes.

Still, most people discount the importance of nonverbal communication because their education and training placed more emphasis on spoken words. To become more adept at interpreting and using body language, heighten your awareness of nonverbal signals and learn to trust your "gut" instinct. Then, when interviewing, use the following tips to accentuate body language that stresses professionalism and performance.

The First Moments

Realize that you're being judged as soon as you arrive at the company. Set the right tone by being early, then use the extra time to compose yourself. When waiting for interviewers, don't open your briefcase to review notes you've prepared. Instead, glance through available magazines or literature in the waiting area.

This creates the impression that you're relaxed before stressful events, and helps you project confidence during the critical early moments of the interview.

If a receptionist or secretary indicates that the interviewer is ready to see you, enter his or her office as though you belonged. Knocking on the door, or opening it and peeking in, shows hesitation, which may be interpreted as a lack of confidence.

Greet your interviewer with a firm, sincere handshake. More than a few candidates have betrayed their nervousness by extending limp, clammy palms, and shaking hands weakly.

Don't start talking immediately, fumble with your briefcase or dive into a chair. If you aren't invited to sit, choose a chair across from or aside the interviewer's desk. Avoid soft lounge chairs or couches, which can prevent you from rising easily. And don't ask if and where you should sit.

If your interviewer receives a phone call during the meeting, select and review material from your briefcase to give him or her a sense of privacy. Don't show annoyance about the interruption or offer to leave the office. Many interviewers purposely take calls to determine if you'll react adversely to office disruptions.

How Close Can You Get?

Like anyone else, interviewers become uncomfortable if their personal space, or preferred distance from others, is invaded. Extraverted interviewers prefer a "social zone" of between 18 and 48 inches from their bodies, while introverts need more space.

Try to gauge interviewers' preferred distance by their seating arrangements. Move closer only if they seem skeptical about what you're saying. Other attempts to seem "friendly" by moving closer are likely to be threatening. For instance, some interviewers deliberately "interrogate" applicants by sitting or standing closer than they prefer.

When emphasizing key points, project sincerity and confidence by leaning forward, maintaining eye contact and using expressive gestures. Leaning back and looking down may be interpreted as a lack of confidence.

How Do You Speak?

How you say something often is more meaningful than what you say. Use a natural tone and don't deviate from your normal speaking rate, volume, rhythm, pitch, breathiness or resonance. Secure applicants have relaxed, warm and well-modulated voices that match their feelings, allowing them to appropriately express excitement, enthusiasm and interest during conversations.

Conversely, insecure candidates can't control their voice pitch and volume. They have weak, soft, hesitant or tremulous voices, and clear their throats, use "uhs" and "ums" or other nervous mannerisms excessively. Others mask their insecurity by speaking in complex, involved sentences.

Maintain Eye Contact

Candidates with secure self-esteem alter their facial expressions to match their message, rather than perpetually wearing the same one. They smile when saying something friendly, and maintain good eye contact, which signifies openness and honesty.

Less-assured candidates don't maintain eye contact, act shy or ashamed or smile at inappropriate times. They may appear downcast or pleading, or drop their eyes and heads, giving them an untrustworthy appearance.

Be cognizant of interviewers' expressions as well. If they don't maintain eye contact, it may mean they're anxious, irritated, disinterested or that they want the conversation to end. An interviewer who looks up may be uncomfortable, trying to remember something or doesn't believe your answer.

Don't overdo eye contact with interviewers, however. A gaze that lasts longer than seven to 10 seconds can cause discomfort or anxiety. Also, don't stare at interviewers during long silences, since it only increases the tension.

Posture and Gestures

Even if you're motionless, your posture communicates a message. Managers who put their feet up on desks and their hands behind their heads are saying that they feel confident, dominant or superior, a soldier standing at attention is showing deference to authority and a subordinate who stands rigidly with hands on hips signals defiance or dislike.

Confident applicants have relaxed, balanced postures. They hold their bodies upright, walk freely with their arms swinging and take determined strides. Less-assured candidates, on the other hand, have rigid or stooped postures, drag or shuffle their feet when walking and take short, choppy strides.

Strive for posture that's as free and natural as your speaking style, but don't be too controlled or rehearsed, says Ms. Vega, who advises applicants to "let some of the passion out." When your movements are in sync with your words, you'll seem confident, expressive and controlled.

Reading Interviewers

Hiring managers also use gestures to convey specific messages. Nodding signifies approval and encourages applicants to continue talking, while leaning forward shows they're interested. Folded arms, crossed legs, picking imaginary lint from clothing or running their fingers along their noses are signs that an interviewer disagrees with you. Thumb twiddling, finger drumming and other fidgeting mannerisms mean the interviewer isn't paying attention.

Guard against using similar gestures or betraying your nervousness by clenching or wringing your hands. Other actions that convey stress include holding your legs or arms tensely, perching on the edge of a chair or playing with a watch or ring.

One caveat: Don't imagine a hidden meaning in every gesture. For example, if an interviewer rubs her nose while you're speaking, she may just have an itchy nose. Try to gauge the situation when seeking the meaning to a mannerism. Most experts look for clues in groups of gestures, not random ones.

Nevertheless, communicating the right nonverbal signals can help you convey an enthusiastic, positive and confident attitude during job interviews. And learning to read interviewers' cues can improve your prospects as well.

When you are being interviewed it is very important that you give out the right signals. You should always look attentive - so do not slouch in your chair. Never lie to anyone in an interview, your body language and tone of voice or the words you use will probably give you away - classic body language giveaways include scratching your nose and not looking directly at the other person when you are speaking to them.

If you have a moustache you may want to consider shaving it off - people with moustaches can be perceived as being aggressive. You can always grow it again once you have got the job